As a client and creator of textiles, India is expected to become an important participant in the global textile industry economy. The wool and woollen textile industry is a village-based production focused, separated and pastoral sectors work in coexistence. India is the seventh-largest producer of wool, with a share of 1.8% of international wool production. With 64 million sheep, India has the world’s third-largest population of sheep. In India, the wool textile industry is believed to rise at a favourable rate. In India, local production is not enough and the industry is dependent on imported raw materials. Pashmina goats and Angora rabbits offer minimum fibre. The growth of stocks and everyday consumption has led to a maximum rate of diffusion in the technologies, merged with the efforts of the government and others in-service training programmes. The environmental factors that showcase the place of woollen industries are as follows:
- Atmosphere: The wool industry needs a suitable atmosphere, such as a cold climate.
- As the moist and cold conditions in the Northern Hemisphere are not suitable for wool production, the Southern Hemisphere takes the chief.
- Stock: Wool stock in the region is necessary for that industry.
- Capacity: Machines can be operated by coal.
- Open Trade: A bazaar or hub to distribute manufactured goods is required.
- Employment: As this industry is time-consuming, it should provide a proper workforce account.
- Centre: Good financial support facility and other institutions helping with capital mobilisation.
Karnataka, Jammu and Kashmir, Telangana, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh are the states in India where wool is produced. The majority of the wool is produced in Rajasthan. The wool production in Rajasthan in 2017- 2018 was around 13924.19 kg, whereas in Jammu and Kashmir it was around 7411 kg, and in Karnataka it was around 4382 kg, in Telangana it was around 4800kg, in Gujarat it was around 2267 kg, in Himachal Pradesh it was around 1500 kg, in Maharashtra it was around 1418 kg, in Uttarakhand it was around 558 kg, in Uttar Pradesh it was around 1404 kg and in Andhra Pradesh it was around 793 kg. Rajasthan is the fourth-highest sheep producer with an approximate population of 7.9 million sheep. Rajasthan produces about 11.2 kg of wool per sheep per year broadly. Water and a moderate to low amount of precipitation. Rajasthan experiences a dry climatic condition leading to a shortage of irrigation. Due to a shortage of agricultural facilities people of Rajasthan have turned to animal farming. In India wool usage rose by 50% between 2010 and 2020, but domestic wool accounted for below 10% of the total widespread scales in Bikaner. Yards are decreasing across India because of an increase in habitation and expansion. The concentration of farmers has shifted from wool to meat. Telangana allows the meat-producing Nellore breed by using a government-funded sheep distribution program. State Wool Scales Department is not functioning properly. There is a lack of educational institutions focused on wool technology. In 1987 the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India set up the Central Wool Development Board in Jodhpur with the main aim of creating local wool textiles through support campaigns. The Ministry of Textiles set up a vast programme called the Integrated Wool Development Programme to aid the wool sector's development. Wool Processing Scheme will help in setting up a Common Facility Centre for several types of wool. Angora Wool Development Scheme was launched in the hilly areas of India to aid Angora rearing activity among farmers through the dissemination of Angora rabbits, as premium stock and training, feed and nutrition support, and healthcare products. Export of raw materials extended to US$ 71,111.74 around 2019-2020. The wool and wool combined items are carried by the United States and Europe Union. 2.7 million people are engaged in the wool textile industry, such as 1.2 million people in the systematic sector, 1.2 million people in sheep husbandry and swarming and 0.3 million in creating carpets.
